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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. FoundationDB vs. SQL.JS vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. FoundationDB vs. SQL.JS vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Port of SQLite to JavaScriptA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbsql.js.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncFoundationDBAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others8Kdata
Initial release19842015201320122016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20206.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)supported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinFoundationDBSQL.JSToroDB
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