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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Dgraph vs. OrientDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Dgraph vs. OrientDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orgdgraph.ioorientdb.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsdgraph.io/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncDgraph Labs, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP8Kdata
Initial release19842015201620102016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20203.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)noSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnoHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinDgraphOrientDBToroDB
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