DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Databend vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Databend vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

An open-source, elastic, and workload-aware cloud data warehouse designed to meet businesses' massive-scale analytics needs at low cost and with low complexity

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.30
Rank	#287	Overall
	#130	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

github.com/datafuselabs/databend
www.databend.com

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.databend.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Databend Labs

Google

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2021

2011

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

1.0.59, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted
Linux
macOS

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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