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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRDF storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842000201020161998
Current releasev20, April 20234.9.0, July 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava.NET and CC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM.NEThostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Fuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyesTransact SQLPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlernonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoTDB TransactionsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess control via Jena Securityyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache Jena - TDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTimesTen
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