DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#93	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	2.97
Rank	#92	Overall
	#15	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	1.04
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Initial release

1984

2000

2015

1984

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.9.0, July 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

HP Open VMS

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Atomic single-row operations

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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