DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RocksDB vs. SiteWhere

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RocksDB vs. SiteWhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

M2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#383	Overall
	#43	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

rocksdb.org

github.com/sitewhere/sitewhere

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

sitewhere1.sitewhere.io/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Facebook, Inc.

SiteWhere

Initial release

1984

2018

2014

2013

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Common Public Attribution License Version 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

predefined scheme

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

C++ API
Java API

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

based on HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

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