DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.85
Rank	#51	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	4.10
Rank	#82	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Google

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Mireo

Initial release

1984

2018

2017

2009

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

Linux
OS X

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native API

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Erlang

Triggers

yes

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Using Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

yes, using Riak Security

yes

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More resources

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