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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 warehouse

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2 warehouse

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Cloud-based data warehousing service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehouse
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationGoogleIBM
Initial release1984201820152014
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoPL/SQL, SQL PL
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBGoogle Cloud BigtableIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB
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