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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. gStore vs. openGauss

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. gStore vs. openGauss

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisongStore  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.14
Rank#342  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
#16  RDF stores
Score1.06
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgen.gstore.cngitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableen.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocsdocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerHuawei and openGauss community
Initial release19842018200520162019
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 20231.2, November 20233.0, March 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangC++C, C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenonoANSI SQL 2011
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesView functions in JavaScriptyesyes
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supportedAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"gStoreopenGauss
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