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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionGraph DBMS
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DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#159  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score7.46
Rank#51  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.91
Rank#197  Overall
#33  Document stores
#7  Object oriented DBMS
Score1.38
Rank#156  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.gigaspaces.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmldocs.voltdb.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGigaspaces TechnologiesVoltDB Inc.
Initial release19842018200520002010
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 202315.5, September 202011.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangJava, C++, .NetJava, C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadata
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoSQL-99 for query and DML statementsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesView functions in JavaScriptyesJava
Triggersyesyesyesyes, event driven architectureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access controlUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GigaSpacesVoltDB
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