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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Ignite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Ignite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgignite.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeapacheignite.readme.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software Foundation
Initial release19842013201720122015
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 2022Apache Ignite 2.6
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++, Java, .Net
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)
Triggersyesnononoyes (cache interceptors and events)
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesSecurity Hooks for custom implementations

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveIgnite
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