DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Newts

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/datastore

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

1984

2013

2008

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (GQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

using Google App Engine

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication using Paxos

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources

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