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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. mSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.26
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablehughestech.com.au/­products/­msql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleHughes Technologies
Initial release1984201320151994
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20224.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be provided
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)none
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaGoogle Cloud BigtablemSQL infoMini SQL
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