DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Geode vs. GeoMesa

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Geode vs. GeoMesa

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	0.78
Rank	#213	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

geode.apache.org/docs

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

CCRi and others

Initial release

1984

2013

2002

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

1.1, February 2017

4.0.5, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (OQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

depending on storage layer

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

depending on storage layer

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights per client and object definable

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

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