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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdb
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticFoundationDB
Initial release1984201320102013
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20236.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free infosome layers support schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno infosome layers support typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer only
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesin SQL-layer only
Triggersyesnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factoryesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allLinearizable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoin SQL-layer only
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaElasticsearchFoundationDB
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