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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. DolphinDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. DolphinDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDolphinDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.72
Rank#100  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
#5  Vector DBMS
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.dolphindb.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.dolphindb.cn/­en/­help200/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDolphinDB, IncGoogle
Initial release1984201320182015
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 2022v2.00.4, January 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree community version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factoryesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoyesAtomic single-row operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAdministrators, Users, GroupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaDolphinDBGoogle Cloud Bigtable
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