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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HBase

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HBase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhbase.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comhbase.apache.org/­book.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset
Initial release1984201320102008
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20182.3.4, January 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free, schema definition possible
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVRO
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoCoprocessors in Java
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCitusHBase
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