DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. BigchainDB vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. BigchainDB vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.85
Rank	#208	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Initial release

1984

2013

2016

2005

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

AGPL v3

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Python

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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Using BigchainDB: A Database with Blockchain Characteristics
20 January 2022, Open Source For You

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4 September 2023, DataDrivenInvestor

Blockchain Database Startup BigchainDB Raises €3 Million
27 September 2016, CoinDesk

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13 February 2016, CoinReport

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13 September 2022, Ledger Insights

provided by Google News

Unit testing Apache TinkerPop transactions: From TinkerGraph to Amazon Neptune | Amazon Web Services
3 June 2024, AWS Blog

Why developers like Apache TinkerPop, an open source framework for graph computing | Amazon Web Services
27 September 2021, AWS Blog

InfiniteGraph Gets Support for Common Graph Database Language and More
21 February 2012, SiliconANGLE News

Introducing Gremlin query hints for Amazon Neptune | AWS Database Blog
26 February 2019, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

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