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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. BigObject vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. BigObject vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#333  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgbigobject.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.bigobject.iolearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBigObject, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release1984201320152014
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree community edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceLuaJavaScript
TriggersyesnonoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factornoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencynoneBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaBigObjectMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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