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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Memgraph vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. ArangoDB vs. Memgraph vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Graph DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgarangodb.commemgraph.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.arangodb.commemgraph.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagramLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaArangoDB Inc.Memgraph LtdSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release19842013201220172004
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.11.5, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptyes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infosince version 2.0Sharding infodynamic graph partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesUsers, roles and permissionsno
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaArangoDBMemgraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaArangoDBMemgraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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