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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. OpenEdge

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. OpenEdge

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Application development environment with integrated database management system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.45
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.progress.com/­openedge
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmliotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latest
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerProgress Software Corporation
Initial release19842013201820051984
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20221.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 2023OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaErlang
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyes infoclose to SQL 92
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesView functions in JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers and groups

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"OpenEdge
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