DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. mSQL vs. SQLite vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. mSQL vs. SQLite vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

druid.apache.org

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.sqlite.org

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Hughes Technologies

Dwayne Richard Hipp

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2012

1994

2000

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

4.4, October 2021

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Role-based access control

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