DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. JaguarDB vs. TerminusDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. JaguarDB vs. TerminusDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applications

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Key-value store
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores
	#13	Vector DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

www.jaguardb.com/support.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

DataJaguar, Inc.

DataChemist Ltd.

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2012

2015

2018

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

3.3 July 2023

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

GPL V3.0

Open Source

GPL V3

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

C++

the server part. Clients available in other languages

Prolog, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

but no views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Graph Partitioning

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication

Journaling Streams

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

rights management via user accounts

Role-based access control

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

60: Trino calling AI
8 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

Time travel in Delta Lake connector
11 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

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