DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google BigQuery vs. OrientDB vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google BigQuery vs. OrientDB vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

column-oriented

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	2.64
Rank	#108	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

druid.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

orientdb.org

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Google

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

SAP, formerly Sybase

Initial release

1984

2012

2010

1994

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

3.2.29, March 2024

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Java, Javascript

yes

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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