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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDolt  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schemaGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#191  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orggithub.com/­dolthub/­dolt
www.dolthub.com
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.dolthub.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.tdengine.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsDoltHub IncMicrosoftTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release19842012201820142019
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20243.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyesSQL-like query languageStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
HTTP REST
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infocurrently in alpha releaseJavaScriptno
TriggersyesnoyesJavaScriptyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesA database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemOnly one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startupAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidDoltMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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More resources
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