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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dolt vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDolt  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schemaAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#191  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orggithub.com/­dolthub/­dolt
www.dolthub.com
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.dolthub.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsDoltHub IncHypertable Inc.Microsoft
Initial release19842012201820092014
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20240.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hosted
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
HTTP REST
C++ API
Thrift
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infocurrently in alpha releasenoJavaScript
TriggersyesnoyesnoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesA database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.selectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemOnly one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startupnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidDoltHypertableMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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