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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used in-process key-value storeScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.datomic.comdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsCognitectOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19842012201219942018
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20241.0.6735, June 202318.1.40, May 202011.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIOWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes
TriggersyesnoBy using transaction functionsyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnonoRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidDatomicOracle Berkeley DBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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