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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#283  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsCloudflareMicrosoft
Initial release1984201220182019
Current releasev20, April 202330.0.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedhosted
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidCloudflare Workers KVMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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