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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Drill vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Drill vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Widely used in-process key-value storeA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdrill.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdrill.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationGoogleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release19842012201519942016
Current releasev20, April 20231.20.3, January 202318.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnonono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnonono
Triggersyesnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noDepending on the underlying data sourcenoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DrillGoogle Cloud BigtableOracle Berkeley DBTerarkDB
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