DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Doris vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Doris vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocol

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.57
Rank	#244	Overall
	#113	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

doris.apache.org
github.com/apache/doris

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/apache/doris/wiki

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from Baidu

Microsoft

Mireo

Initial release

1984

2017

2014

2020

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.2.2, February 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
MySQL client

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C#
C++
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

Role-based access control

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