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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Doris vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Doris vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Doris  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocolApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#244  Overall
#113  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdoris.apache.org
github.com/­apache/­doris
ignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­apache/­doris/­wikiapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from BaiduApache Software FoundationMicrosoftMireo
Initial release19842017201520192020
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.2, February 2023Apache Ignite 2.6cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, Java, .NetC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
MySQL client
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes (replicated cache)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DorisIgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTime
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