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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2github.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2github.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncAmazonThomas MuellerIBMGoogle
Initial release1984201720051983 infohost version2011
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 202312.1, October 20161.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyesno
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon NeptuneH2IBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2LevelDB
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