DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. ClickHouse vs. OpenEdge vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. ClickHouse vs. OpenEdge vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	3.45
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/neptune

clickhouse.com

www.progress.com/openedge

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

clickhouse.com/docs

documentation.progress.com/output/ua/OpenEdge_latest

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon

Clickhouse Inc.

Progress Software Corporation

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

1984

2017

2016

1984

1994

Current release

v20, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.

Implementation language

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

key based and custom

horizontal partitioning

since Version 11.4

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Users and groups

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