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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. CockroachDB vs. KairosDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. CockroachDB vs. KairosDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.91
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­rds/­aurorawww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docskairosdb.github.io
Developer4D, IncAmazonCockroach Labs8Kdata
Initial release19842015201520132016
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 20241.2.2, November 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCGraphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnono
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infobased on CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlsimple password-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraCockroachDBKairosDBToroDB
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