DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Derby vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Derby vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

allegrograph.com

db.apache.org/derby

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

4D, Inc

Franz Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Google

SAP

Initial release

1984

2004

1997

2015

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.0, December 2023

10.17.1.0, November 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

bulk load of XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

JDBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

Java Stored Procedures

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

with Federation

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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