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DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Derby vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Derby vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comallegrograph.comdb.apache.org/­derbycloud.google.com/­bigtableorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmldb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncFranz Inc.Apache Software FoundationGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19842004199720152010
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 202310.17.1.0, November 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobulk load of XML files possibleyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageyesnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoJavaScript or Common LispJava Stored ProceduresnoJava, Javascript
TriggersyesyesyesnoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonewith FederationnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAllegroGraphDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGoogle Cloud BigtableOrientDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
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