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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud Table Store  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA fully managed Wide Column Store for large quantities of semi-structured data with real-time accessGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#297  Overall
#11  Wide column stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­table-storecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­tablestorecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncAlibabaGoogle8Kdata
Initial release19842016201520172016
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights based on subaccounts and tokensAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud Table StoreGoogle Cloud BigtableTigerGraphToroDB
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