DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A stable, reliable, and cost-effective online high-performance time series database service

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#306	Overall
	#26	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hitsdb

ravendb.net

rdf4j.org

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/time-series-database/latest/what-is-tsdb

ravendb.net/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba

Hibernating Rhinos

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

1984

2010

2004

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.4, July 2022

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (RQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP REST

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access managed on TSDB instance level

Authorization levels configured per client per database

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more

Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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