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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Hypertable vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Hypertable vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncAlibabaCockroach LabsHypertable Inc.8Kdata
Initial release1984201520092016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 20230.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCC++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnono
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factor on file system levelSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud PolarDBCockroachDBHypertableToroDB
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
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Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
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Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
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Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud PolarDBCockroachDBHypertableToroDB
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