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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud MaxCompute  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousingGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tablesKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.77
Rank#214  Overall
#98  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­maxcomputecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­maxcomputecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncAlibabaGoogleSybase, SAPOpenLink Software
Initial release19842016201519931998
Current releasev20, April 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Fluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Delphi
Perl
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin Javanoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configuredyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud MaxComputeGoogle Cloud BigtableSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud MaxComputeGoogle Cloud BigtableSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSVirtuoso
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