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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Google BigQuery vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Google BigQuery vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud MaxCompute  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousingLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tablesRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.84
Rank#209  Overall
#98  Relational DBMS
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­maxcomputecloud.google.com/­bigquerymilvus.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­maxcomputecloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncAlibabaGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release19842016201020191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20232.4.4, May 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++, GoC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Fluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin Javauser defined functions infoin JavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying datanoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Role based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud MaxComputeGoogle BigQueryMilvusPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud MaxComputeGoogle BigQueryMilvusPostgreSQL
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