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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Datomic vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Datomic vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.68
Rank#231  Overall
#105  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlwww.datomic.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewdocs.datomic.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupCognitectApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release19842016201220082019
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
Clojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes infoTransaction Functionsyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesyesBy using transaction functionsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)no
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBDatomicHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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