DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Google BigQuery vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Google BigQuery vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

This system has been discontinued and will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Highly scalable database system, designed for managing session and subscriber data in modern mobile communication networks

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

atos.net/en/convergence-creators/portfolio/standard-common-repository

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Atos Convergence Creators

Google

Initial release

1984

2016

2010

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

1703

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schema and schema-less with LDAP views

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

LDAP

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

All languages with LDAP bindings

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

cell division

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

LDAP bind authentication

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

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