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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Kylin vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Apache Kylin vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.68
Rank#231  Overall
#105  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlkylin.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewkylin.apache.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncGoogle8Kdata
Initial release19842016201520112016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20201.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBApache KylinLevelDBToroDB
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