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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. SingleStore vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. SingleStore vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.42
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgwww.singlestore.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffSingleStore Inc.8Kdata
Initial release1984201420132016
Current releasev20, April 20238.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-Licensecommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++, GoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux info64 bit version requiredAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript APICluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptBash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLToroDB
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