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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. InterSystems Caché vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems Caché  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryA multi-model DBMS and application serverMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgwww.intersystems.com/­products/­cachewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldocs.intersystems.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffInterSystemsMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release19842014199719891998
Current releasev20, April 20232018.1.4, May 2020SQL Server 2022, November 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freedepending on used data modelyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptC#
C++
Java
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLInterSystems CachéMicrosoft SQL ServerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLInterSystems CachéMicrosoft SQL ServerVirtuoso
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