DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

JavaScript DBMS library

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.42
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.88
Rank	#130	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

alasql.org

dgraph.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/AlaSQL/alasql

dgraph.io/docs

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. Wulff

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

1984

2014

2016

1994

Current release

v20, April 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT-License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JavaScript API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

only for local storage and DOM-storage

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

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