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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgimpala.apache.orgorientdb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842014201320101998
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.2.29, March 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)LinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, JavascriptPL/SQL
TriggersyesyesnoHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLApache ImpalaOrientDBTimesTen
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