DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#321	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS
	#143	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bitnine.net/documentation

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Bitnine Global Inc.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Transaction Software GmbH

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2016

1998

1987

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1, December 2018

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

Transbase 8.3, 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

free development license

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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