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DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAgensGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMulti-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.20
Rank#321  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
#143  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combitnine.net/­agensgraphazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combitnine.net/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1www.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
Developer4D, IncBitnine Global Inc.MicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Transaction Software GmbH
Initial release19842016201919981987
Current releasev20, April 20232.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesdepending on used data modelFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Cypher Query Language
JDBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneno, but can be realized using table inheritanceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAgensGraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimesTenTransbase
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